The field of urology involves the medical management of conditions such as urinary tract infection and prostate enlargement through to the surgical management of conditions such as bladder cancer, prostate cancer, kidney stones and stress incontinence.

Your urologist knows all about the urinary system, which includes your kidneys, bladder, ureters (thin muscles that carry pee into your bladder) and urethra (tube that drains pee out of your bladder.)

Urologists can prescribe medicines and offer what’s called “behavior training.” For instance, you can manage some problems with holding in your urine by doing exercises that strengthen your pelvic muscles.

Urologists can also do a range of procedures. Some of these they’ll do in their office. Others are major surgeries done in a hospital.

Children undergo rapid physical and mental changes as they grow. Pediatricians understand this fact and assess a child’s health status based on the normal ranges for their age.

A few common procedures include:

• Cystoscopy. This is a close-up look at your bladder and urethra with a special telescope-like tool called a cystoscope.
• Ureteroscopy. Similar to cystoscopy, it’s a look inside your ureters and kidneys.
• Prostate biopsy. The urologist removes a tiny tissue sample from your prostate to test for cancer in a lab.
• Nephrectomy. This is surgery to remove a kidney to treat cancer.
• Vasectomy. The urologist cuts the tubes that carry sperm to prevent pregnancy.